U.S. Census Office, Constituents of the Population of the States and Territories: 1890 (1898)

This 100% stacked bar graph was included in the 1890 Statistical Atlas of the United States published under the direction of Henry Gannett. It is part of a larger display of graphs and charts on the population of the United States from 1790 to 1890. The graph disaggregates the population of each state in 1890, using racial categories, as well as immigration-based generational categories. The categories used were "native White of native parents," or White people born in the United States to parents born in the United States; "native white of foreign parents," or White people born in the United States to immigrant parents; "foreign white," or white immigrants; and "colored," which at the time, included people of African descent, as well as Chinese, Japanese, and Indigenous peoples. The states are arranged in order of their proportion of "native white of native parentage" (p. 20), with the smallest proportion at the top. This arrangement reflects nativist concerns at the time that the influence of "true" native Americans was was diminishing as the immigrant population increased, and birth rates among the immigrant population surpassed those among the native-born population (Schor, 2017).